整理/王璟瑄 制圖/李晗

興利除害

　　興辦對民眾有利的事情，消除對民眾有害的事情。作為執(zhí)政者，應(yīng)將百姓利益放在首位，多做利于天下百姓的事，除去為害百姓的事。中國古人，無論儒家、墨家、法家，都認(rèn)為這是治國理政者的基本職責(zé)，也是治國理政者獲得民眾擁護(hù)的根本前提，因而也是權(quán)力正當(dāng)性的依據(jù)所在。今之所謂“執(zhí)政為民”，與此不無淵源。

Promote the Beneficial; Eliminate the Harmful

　　Promote what is beneficial to the people; eliminate what is not. Those in power should place the interests of the public at the forefront of their concerns, focusing on what is beneficial and eliminating what is harmful. In ancient China, Confucians, Mohists, and Legalists all held that this was the fundamental duty of a ruler, and determined whether or not there was public support and hence political legitimacy for his rule. Today "govern for the people" has its roots in this concept.

引例

　　先王者善為民除害興利，故天下之民歸之。所謂興利者，利農(nóng)事也；所謂除害者，禁害農(nóng)事也。（《管子·治國》）（遠(yuǎn)古的賢明君王善于為人民除害興利，所以天下人民都?xì)w附他。所謂興利，就是有利于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)；所謂除害，就是禁止有害于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的事情。）

　　Wise ancient rulers promoted what was beneficial for the people and eliminated what was harmful, thus winning their allegiance. Beneficial means what is good for farming, while harmful means what is not. (Guanzi)